????合作教育：合作教育是正规大学课程项目。通过这样的项目，学生在读书之外还要多次从事全职工作，校方则会把这些工作经历记入学生的在校成绩。在加拿大，大多数合作教育课程都要求学生每次工作的时间相当于该专业学时的30%；对多数本科学位来说，这就意味着学生至少需要参加3次这样的工作。合作教育课程由有资质的专业教育人士和/或院系负责。参加这些课程的国际学生可以向加拿大公民及移民部（Citizenship and Immigration Canada）申请特别工作签证，以便在校外参加这样的工作。

????评估合作教育项目时要考虑的因素包括：毕业前多次到校外参加工作并探索各种各样的职业选择对自己是否有益？是否需要为攻读学位的花费去挣钱？该合作教育项目办公室在自己找工作或工作条件方面能提供哪些支持？该课程项目能带来哪些靠自己争取不到的经验？收费情况如何？对国际学生会额外收费吗？

????社区服务实践学习：这也是正规大学课程项目，它把志愿工作纳入提供学分的课程之中。这些志愿工作以满足社区组织的需要为抓手，并包括学生对这一经历的结构性思索，从而把实践经历和课程内容联系起来。此类活动的负责人通常是讲授该门课程的教授，同时可能由高校的专业教师提供支持。

????评估社区服务实践学习时要考虑的因素包括：自己想获得通过志愿工作回报社区的机会吗？自己喜欢和同一门课程的同学们一起在社区组织工作吗？有机会把理论用于实践会让自己学得更好吗？怎么才能知道哪些课程项目包括社区服务实践学习呢？通常是什么样的组织会和大学合作提供这样的机会呢？

????实习课、现场操作和临床实践也是工学结合的常见形式，但它们往往出现在护理这样的专业课程项目中。这些课程项目要求工作经验的目的是通过认证或取得执业资格。因此，这些工学结合活动可能是必修课，而非选修课程。

????作为在工学结合领域工作了近20年的人，我的建议是：考虑上加拿大哪所大学时，询问一下它们有什么样的工学结合活动。想一想怎样做才是最适合自己的学习途径以及自己上大学有哪些目标。选择大学时，不要只看它的全球高校排名，还要考虑其工学结合活动的质量和规模。希望大家尽量利用好本科阶段，在毕业时拿到的不光是一纸文凭。（财富中文网）

????译者：Charlie

????Co-operative Education (“Co-op”): Co-op is a formal university program through which students alternate multiple, full-time, paid work terms with their academic studies, and receive recognition on their university record for each work term. In Canada, most co-op programs will require students to spend the equivalent of 30% of the time spent in academic study doing co-op terms; for most undergraduate degrees, this means co-op students will complete at least 3 work terms. Co-op programs are run by qualified career educators and/or faculty. International students participating in a co-op program can apply for a special category of work visa through Citizenship and Immigration Canada enabling them to work off campus on multiple co-op work terms.

????In assessing a co-op program, consider: Do I see a benefit in doing multiple work terms to learn outside the classroom and explore various career options before I graduate? Do I want to earn money to help finance my degree? What types of support would the co-op office give me in applying for jobs and while on work terms? What kinds of experiences are available through co-op that I might not be able to get on my own? What are the fees charged for participation in co-op? Are there differential fees for international students who participate?

????Community Service Learning (CSL): CSL refers to a formal university program through which volunteer work is part of a credit-bearing university course. The volunteer work seeks to address the needs of a community organization and includes structured reflection on the experience to link it with course content. CSL experiences are usually overseen by the professor teaching the course and may be supported by professional staff at the university.

????In assessing a CSL program, consider: Do I want the opportunity to give back to the community through volunteer work? Do I like the idea of working in a community organization alongside a group of students in the course that I’m taking? Do I learn better by having the opportunity to apply theory to practice? How can I find out which courses offer CSL? What kinds of organizations usually partner with these courses to offer opportunities?

????Other forms of WIL, such as practicums, field experience, and clinics are common too, but often in professional programs such as Nursing which require work experience for the purposes of certification or licensing. They are, as a result, likely to be required parts of a university education, not optional ones.

????As someone who’s worked in the field of WIL for almost 20 years, here’s my advice. When considering a university, ask about what kinds of WIL they offer. Think about how you might learn best, and what your goals are for your university experience. Choose a university based not just on its position in global university rankings, but also based on the quality and scope of the WIL it offers. Make the most of your undergraduate experience and graduate with more than just a degree.