Góc anh ngữ chuyên ngành MỘT SỐ THUẬT NGỮ HAY DÙNG TRONG CHUYÊN NGÀNH SẢN – PHỤ KHOA (medical term for obstetrics)16/05/2017 04:30:38MEDICAL TERM FOR OBSTETRICS Obstetrics: sản khoa Gynecology: phụ khoa( gyneco-: women) Reproductive system: hệ sinh sản FSH: follicle stimulating hormone: hormone kích thích nang trứng LH: luteinizing hormone: hormone hoàng thể hóa Sperm: tinh trùng Ovum(plural: ova): trứng Fertilization: sự thụ tinh The Fallopian tube: vòi trứng Infertility: vô sinh IVF: in vitro fertilization: thụ tinh trong ống nghiệm Menstrual cycle: chu kì kinh nguyệt  Erectile tissue of penis: mô cương của dương vật Vas deferens: ống dẫn tinh Testis: tinh hoàn Epididymis: mào tinh Bulbourethral gland: tuyến hành niệu đạo Seminal vesicle: túi tinh Endometrium: nội mạc tử cung Corpus luteum: hòang thể Placenta: nhau thai Amnion: màng ối Hymen: màng trinh AFI: amniotic fluid index– chỉ số dịch ối BPD: biparietal diameter– đường kính lưỡng đỉnh(tính trên siêu âm sản khoa) CST: Contraction Stress Test hay ngắn gọn hơn gọi là stress test(ST)- nghiệm pháp co cơ(tử cung) gắng sức-> để bộc lộ những điểm yếu của thai nhi trong thai kì NST: non- stress test-> nghiệm pháp không gây co thắt cơ tử cung GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus: đái tháo đường thai kì IUGR: intrauterine growth restriction: chậm phát triển trong tử cung EFM: electronic fetal monitoring: điện thai Gv. Tô Thị Liên Sưu tầm _ Nguồn: TINALPHA LEARNING
The bulbourethral glands or Cowper's glands (named for English anatomist William Cowper) are two small exocrine glands in the reproductive system of many male mammals (of all domesticated animals, they are absent only in dogs).[1] They are homologous to Bartholin's glands in females. The bulbouretheral glands are responsible for producing a pre-ejaculate fluid called Cowper's fluid (known colloquially as pre-ejaculate or pre-cum), which is secreted during sexual arousal, neutralizing the acidity of the urethra in preparation for the passage of sperm cells.[2] Location[edit]Bulbourethral glands are located posterior and lateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, between the two layers of the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, in the deep perineal pouch. They are enclosed by transverse fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae muscle. Structure[edit]Dissection of prostate showing the bulbourethral glands within the fibers of the external urethral sphincter just underneath the prostate The bulbourethral glands are compound tubulo-alveolar glands, each approximately the size of a pea in humans. In chimpanzees, they are not visible during dissection, but can be found on microscopic examination.[3] In boars, they are up to 18 cm long and 5 cm in diameter.[1] They are composed of several lobules held together by a fibrous covering. Each lobule consists of a number of acini, lined by columnar epithelial cells, opening into a duct that joins with the ducts of other lobules to form a single excretory duct. This duct is approximately 2.5 cm long and opens into the bulbar urethra at the base of the penis. The glands gradually diminish in size with advancing age.[4][unreliable source] Function[edit]Secretory fluid from the bulbourethral glands appearing on the glans of a human penis The bulbourethral gland contributes up to 4 ml of fluid during sexual arousal.[5] The secretion is a clear fluid rich in mucoproteins that help to lubricate the distal urethra and neutralize acidic urine which remains in the urethra. According to one preliminary study, the bulbourethral gland fluid might not contain any sperm,[6] whereas another study showed some men did leak sperm in potentially significant quantities (in a range from low counts up to 50 million sperm per ml) into the pre-ejaculatory fluid,[5] potentially leading to conception from the introduction of pre-ejaculate. However, the sperm source is a residual or pre-ejaculatory leak from the testicles into the vas deferens,[5] rather than from the bulbourethral gland itself.[6] Gallery[edit]
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