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Rules for ROM Exercises
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Exercise in a sequential head to toe manner.
Exercise one joint at a time.
Expose only the limb to be exercised.
Whenever necessary, support the joint.
Move joints slowly, smoothly and gently.
Do not force a joint beyond its capacity.
Schedule exercises at specific times.
Compare same body parts for equality of movement.
Discontinue exercise immediately if there is discomfort, resistance or muscle spasm.
Range-of-Motion Exercises
CHILD AND FAMILY ASSESSMENT AND PREPARATION
Review the child’s history for contraindications to ROM exercises, determining limitations of joint movement and impact on function. In cases of joint inflammation, dislocation, or fracture, ROM exercises may be contraindicated.
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Review the child’s medical record to determine whether a specific ROM exercise plan has been provided in the interdisciplinary patient orders.
Explain to the child and family the purpose and the plan of ROM exercises.
Initiate pain control measures if needed 30 minutes before beginning ROM exercises.
Provide antispasmodic medications, if ordered, 30 minutes before beginning ROM exercises.
Provide for
privacy.
Schedule ROM activities to coincide with routine care. An ideal time to do the exercise is during morning care or bath time. Include the child and the family in planning for ROM activities (e.g., when and where to perform).
Dress the child in nonrestrictive loose-fitting clothing.
Assess vital signs to provide a baseline for comparison if changes occur during the procedure.
Determine the baseline activity and
condition for the child.
Observe the equality of movement of each joint. The movement of the joints should be equal bilaterally.
Note the condition of the the child’s joint that will undergo ROM. The joint should be free of pain, spastic movement, deformity, and crepitation. There should be no limitation of movement.
TABLE 95-1 Range-of-Motion Terminology
|
Movement
| Definition
| Use
| Circumduction
| Movement of the joint in a full circle
| Used in movement of the shoulder
| Hyperextension
| Movement of the joint in the direction of extension beyond a straight line
| Used in movement of the arms, legs, hands, and wrists
| Flexion
| The bending of the joint in which the two adjacent parts move toward each other, thus reducing the angle of the joint between two parts. Decreasing the angle between two bones
| Used in the shoulder, elbow, knee, and finger joints
| Extension
| Movement increasing angle between two adjoining bones
| Used in the shoulder, elbow, knee, and finger joints
| Internal rotation
| Turning away from the midline
| Used in movement of the head from side to side
| Abduction
| Movement away from the midline of the body
| Used in movement of the legs, arms, and fingers
| Adduction
| Movement toward the midline of the body
| Used in movement of extremities; legs, arms, and fingers
| Pronation
| Turning the forearm so that the palmar surface of the hand is facing downward
| Used in movement of the hand and wrist
| Supination
| Turning the forearm so that the palmar surface of the hand is facing upward
| Used in movement of the hand and wrist
| Deviation
| Abduction or adduction of the wrist
| Used in movement of the wrist
| Opposition
| Placement of the palmar surface of the thumb so that it touches the base of the fingers
| Used in movement of the hand
|
|
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Jul 9, 2020 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on Range-of-Motion Exercises
What are the rules for performing range of motion exercises?
Put each joint needing exercise through the range of motion procedure a minimum of three times, and preferably five times. Avoid overexerting the patient; do not continue the exercises to the point that the patient develops fatigue. Some exercises may need to be delayed until the patient's condition improves.
What guideline will the nurse consider when performing range of motion exercises on a patient?
*Guidelines to follow when performing range of motion include returning the joint to a neutral position when finishing each exercise. The nurse should not perform range-of-motion exercises until the patient is fatigued because the exercises are not to exhaust or tax the individual.
What principles should be observed at all times when performing ROM exercises?
Perform exercises slowly and provide adequate support to each joint being exercised. When performing active-assisted or passive ROM exercises, support joint by holding DISTAL portion of extremety or using cupped hand to support joint. When resistance is noted within a joint, do not force joint motion.
Which of the following are basic guidelines when assisting a patient with passive range of motion?
Which of the following are basic guidelines when assisting a patient with passive range of motion? Exercises should be continued until the point of fatigue and pain. Exercises should be done frequently to lessen pain for the patient. Each joint is exercised to the point of resistance but not pain.