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Terms in this set (19)
What is constructivist theories and who is responsible?
learners must individually discover and transform complex info if they are to make it their own
Vgotsky
What are constructivist learners like?
checking new info against old rules and revising rules when they no longer work
What does it mean to be student centered instruction?
active learning strategies
What are 4 key principles derived from Vgotsky for his role in constructivism?
social learning
ZPD
Cognitive apprenticeship
Mediated Learning
What is social learning?
children learning through joint interactions
cooperative projects
What is ZPD?
Zone of proximal development
- range of tasks a child may not be able to do on his/her own, but can do with assistance of peers or adults
What is cognitive apprenticeship?
process by which learner gradually acquires expertise through interaction with an expert
Student teaching
What is mediated learning?
Scaffolding
give students complex, realistic tasks, and enough help to achieve tasks
What is situated learning?
used to describe learning in real life task
What is Top-down processing?
students begin with complex problems to solve and work out with guidance
What does constructivism learning emphasize top down or bottoms up approach?
top down
What is an example of top down processing?
writing a composition paper without first learning how to spell, grammar, punctuation
What is bottoms up strategy?
learning the basics first, then doing more complex tasks
What is discovery learning?
students learn on their own
active involvement with concepts, and principles
teachers encourage students
What is a self regulated learner?
one who has knowledge of effective learning strategies and how and when to use them
motivated by learning itself, not by grades
What is scaffolding?
assisted learning
AKA mediated learning
giving students more structure at the beginning of a set of lessons and gradually turning responsibility over to them.
What is reciprocal teaching?
-designed to help low achievers
- small groups
- model questions and then students act as teacher
What is cooperative learning?
Peer-assisted learning
Children work in small mixed ability groups to help each other learn
What does the research say about cooperative learning?
favored as long as 2 principles are met:
1) recognition or small reward must be provided
2) must be individual accountability
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Verified questions
ENGINEERING
Exactly what will be displayed after the following MATLAB commands are typed? (a) $\mathrm{>> x = 5;} \\ \mathrm{>> x \text{^} 3;} \\ \mathrm{>> y = 8 – x}$ (b) $\mathrm{>> q = 4:2:12;} \\ \text{>> r = [7 8 4; 3 6 –5];} \\ \mathrm{>> sum(q) \text{*} r(2, 3)}$
Verified answer
ENGINEERING
Pressurized water $\left(p_{\mathrm{in}}=10 \text { bar, } T_{\mathrm{in}}=110^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)$ enters the bottom of an L=10-m-long vertical tube of diameter D=100 mm at a mass flow rate of m=1.5 kg/s. The tube is located inside a combustion chamber, resulting in heat transfer to the tube. Superheated steam exits the top of the tube at $p_{\mathrm {out }}=7 \mathrm { bar }$, $T_{\mathrm{out}}=600^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. Determine the change in the rate at which the following quantities enter and exit the tube: (a) the combined thermal and flow work, (b) the mechanical energy, and (c) the total energy of the water. Also, (d) determine the heat transfer rate, q. Hint: Relevant properties may be obtained from a thermodynamics text.
Verified answer
ENGINEERING
A counter-flow heat exchanger is stated to have an overall heat transfer coefficient of $284 W/m^2 \cdot K$ when operating at design and clean conditions. Hot fluid enters the tube side at $93^\circ C$ and exits at $71^\circ C,$ while cold fluid enters the shell side at $27^\circ C$ and exits at $38^\circ C.$ After a period of use, built-up scale in the heat exchanger gives a fouling factor of $0.0004 m^2 \cdot K/W.$ If the surface area is $93 m^2,$ determine (a) the rate of heat transfer in the heat exchanger and (b) the mass flow rates of both hot and cold fluids. Assume both hot and cold fluids have a specific heat of $4.2 kJ/kg \cdot K.$
Verified answer
ENGINEERING
Helium enters a nozzle at 0.5 MPa, 600 K, and a velocity of 120 m/s. Assuming isentropic flow, determine the pressure and temperature of helium at a location where the velocity equals the speed of sound. What is the ratio of the area at this location to the entrance area?
Verified answer
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