Which of the following are components of conversion costs?

You are free to use this image on your website, templates, etc, Please provide us with an attribution linkArticle Link to be Hyperlinked
For eg:
Source: Conversion Cost (wallstreetmojo.com)

What is Conversion Cost?

Conversion cost is the cost incurred by any manufacturing entity in converting its raw material into finished goods capable of being sold in the market. It usually includes the total value of labor cost and other applied overheads like factory overheads, administrative overheads, etc.

Formula

Conversion Cost Formula = Manufacturing Overheads + Direct Labour

Here,

• Manufacturing OverheadsManufacturing Overhead is the total of all the indirect costs involved in manufacturing a product like Property Tax on the production premise, Remunerations of maintenance personnel, Rent of the manufacturing building, etc. read more  means the expenses directly attributed to each unit of product or the process. These include electricity bills, rent, depreciation, plant insurance, repairs and maintenance of plants, etc.
• Direct LaborDirect labor costs refer to the total cost incurred by the company for paying the wages and other benefits to its employees against the task performed by them, which are straight away related to the manufacturing of the products or provision of the services.read more is the direct cost associated with manufacturing the product, such as wages, salaries to workers, pension fundsA pension fund refers to any plan or scheme set up by an employer which generates regular income for employees after their retirement. This pooled contribution from the pension plan is invested conservatively in government securities, blue-chip stocks, and investment-grade bonds to ensure that it generates sufficient returns.read more for workers, insurance of production staff, supervision, etc.

Conversion Cost Examples

Some examples of conversion cost are as follows –

• Machinery depreciation
• Plant and machinery maintenance
• Salary to production staff
• Direct labour benefits
• Rent of factory
• Utility bills
• Factory insurance
• Production supervision
• Salary of staff related to production

Let us take an example to understand this concept.

Samsung has a cell phone production unit with a production capacity of 10,000 daily it incurs day-to-day expenses to keep its business running. The company wants to know its conversion cost from the following mentioned information.

Solution:

Conversion Cost = Manufacturing Overheads + Direct Labour

Direct Labour = $3,00,000

Manufacturing Overheads = 10,000 (Equipment Depreciation) + 5,000 (Factory Insurance) + 80,000( Indirect Material) + 20,000(Factory Rent) + 90,000(Electricity expense) + 1,00,000(Maintenance expense) + 5,000(Inspection expense)

• Manufacturing Overheads = $3,10,000
• = $3,00,000 + $3,10,000
• Conversion Cost = $6,10,000
• = $6,10,000 / 10,000
• Conversion Cost per Unit = $610

Importance

• t is a measure used to allocate unallocated overhead costs to products manufactured for better cost planning and monitoring.
• It helps business to ascertain the cost of inventory which needs to be reported in the balance sheetA balance sheet is one of the financial statements of a company that presents the shareholders' equity, liabilities, and assets of the company at a specific point in time. It is based on the accounting equation that states that the sum of the total liabilities and the owner's capital equals the total assets of the company.read more as an asset.
• The proper application helps businesses to determine the selling price per unit, thereby achieving its profit marginProfit Margin is a metric that the management, financial analysts, & investors use to measure the profitability of a business relative to its sales. It is determined as the ratio of Generated Profit Amount to the Generated Revenue Amount. read more.
•  In the case of inefficiencies, it helps redesign and reengineer the production.

Conversion Cost vs Prime Cost

• Conversion cost and prime cost are both manufacturing sector terminology and are used to determine the effectiveness in the production of a particular product. Conversion cost can be defined as a costing terminology that provides information on indirect labor and overhead expenditure to convert basic raw materials into finished goods. At the same time, thePrime cost is the direct cost incurred in manufacturing a product and typically includes the direct production cost of goods, raw material and direct labour costs. It is an essential part of total manufacturing expenses. Costing and effective pricing of the goods are primarily determined on their basis.read more prime costPrime cost is the direct cost incurred in manufacturing a product and typically includes the direct production cost of goods, raw material and direct labour costs. It is an essential part of total manufacturing expenses. Costing and effective pricing of the goods are primarily determined on their basis.read more is another costing term that quantifies the value of direct material, direct labor, and other direct expenses incurred in manufacturing any particular product.
• Both conversion and prime cost use many of the same production factors, but each has a different opinion on product efficiency. ·       Both conversion and prime cost use many of the same production factors, but each has a different opinion on product efficiency. Prime cost uses both direct material and labor to complete a product, while conversion cost does not include a direct material cost. Certain cost elements are included in one and excluded in another like prime cost does not include overhead expenses, which are applied in conversion cost. Prime cost is calculated and presented at the beginning of the cost sheet, but there is a standard that requires the calculation of conversion cost until and unless the manager desires it. The premium coast’s main objective is to set a product’s price with the desired profits. In contrast, the conversion cost is calculated to sum up and resolve any manufacturing inefficiency.

Advantages

• It helps to determine the amount spent in turning raw material into a product.
• It helps eradicate any deficiency in the production process and helps in reducing the cost of productionProduction Cost is the total capital amount that a Company spends in producing finished goods or offering specific services. You can calculate it by adding Direct Material cost, Direct Labor Cost, & Manufacturing Overhead Cost. read more.
• It helps managers to supervise and keep track of expenses of production.
• It is used in developing a price model for a product and estimating the cost of the final product.
• Managers and business owners sometimes use conversion costs to determine if any waste can be eliminated
• This is used to determine the cost of salesThe costs directly attributable to the production of the goods that are sold in the firm or organization are referred to as the cost of sales.read more to report it on the financial statements (if applicable).

Disadvantages

• It does not give an idea about all the costs incurredIncurred Cost refers to an expense that a Company needs to pay in exchange for the usage of a service, product, or asset. This might include direct, indirect, production, operating, & distribution charges incurred for business operations. read more in production/ manufacturing as it considers only two elements – direct labour and overheads.
• This concept is irrelevant in cases where the product does not undergo any conversion and can be sold directly with minimal processing.
• This concept cannot solely be relied on for cost controlCost control is a tool used by an organization in regulating and controlling the functioning of a manufacturing concern by limiting the costs within a planned level. It begins with preparing a budget, evaluating the actual performance, and implementing the necessary actions required to rectify any discrepancies.read more and reduction program as it does not cover all elements of cost. There are better costing mechanisms like marginal costingMarginal costing in economics and managerial accounting refers to an increase or decrease in the total cost of production due to a change in the quantity of the desired output. It is variable, depending on the inclusion of resources required to produce or deliver additional unit(s) of a product or service.read more, process costingProcess costing is a method of costing wherein the products go through two or more processes and the costs are assigned/charged to individual operations averaged over the number of units produced during that time. It is used commonly in manufacturing units like paper, steel, soaps, medicines, vegetable oils, paints, rubber, and chemicals.read more, etc. which provides better insights into the cost incurred.

Recommended Articles

This has been a guide. What conversion cost is & its Definition. Here we discuss its formula, calculations, and examples, along with its advantages and disadvantages. You can learn more about it from the following articles –

• Committed Cost
• Contract Costing
• Step Cost
• Semi-Fixed Cost