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Terms in this set (20)
Identify the ways depression is expressed by men as opposed to by women.
Men and depression:
- They mask depression with irritability.
- They mask depression with alcohol.
- They are reluctant to seek therapy.
- They are reluctant to admit that they are depressed.
Women and
depression:
- Their depression may be related to being victims of violent abuse.
- Their depression may be related to inequities at work.
- Their depression may be related to economic disadvantages.
- They are diagnosed with depression twice as frequently as women are.
Match the types of psychotherapy with their goals.
client-centered:
- help clients fulfill their potential for personal
growth
cognitive:
- help clients eliminate harmful thought patterns and replace them with positive ones
family:
- heal family relationships
behavioral:
- help clients replace harmful behaviors with beneficial ones
group:
- provide support while also improving social skills in a cost-effective manner
psychodynamic:
- help clients become aware of unconscious conflicts and defense mechanisms
Which of the following are the effects of central nervous system stimulants, such as Ritalin, on children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
- They make children happier and more socially adept.
- They increase attention and ability to concentrate.
- They decrease distractibility and overactivity.
Which of the following are some benefits of using behavioral therapy, rather than Ritalin, to treat ADHD?
- Ritalin is often resold to people without ADHD and abused as a stimulant.
- Behavioral therapy is more effective than Ritalin in the long term.
- Ritalin has side effects including sleep problems, reduced appetite, body twitches, and temporary slowing of growth.
- Children taking Ritalin may not learn other coping strategies.
Which of the following statements about using applied behavioral analysis to treat children with autism are accurate?
- Other children in the family may feel neglected when so much attention is paid to their sibling with autism.
- This treatment uses operant conditioning principles to encourage very specific desired behaviors.
- Prolonged treatment leads to a gain in IQ.
Identify the statements about humanistic theory and contemporary therapy as either true or false.
True:
- A modern humanistic theory called motivational interviewing allows a client to address discrepancies between his thoughts and his actions in a warm, supportive environment.
- Many therapists still use techniques advocated by Rogers to establish a good therapeutic relationship with the client.
False:
- Many therapists still follow the original tenets of humanistic theory.
- Contemporary forms of humanistic therapy generally take
much more time than the original methods.
Which of the following do some contemporary psychodynamic therapies explore?
- a client's avoidance of distressing thoughts
- recurring patterns in a client's thoughts and feelings
- a client's daydreams, fantasies, and dreams
- a client's early traumatic experiences and childhood attachments
- a client's interpersonal relationships
Behavioral therapies use classical and operant conditioning to improve a client's behavior. Match the behavior-therapy concepts with their definitions.
prolonged exposure:
- Repeatedly recalling and recounting traumatic events and gradually getting used to being in related situations.
modeling:
- Teach the client to imitate and rehearse an appropriate behavior in therapy and then apply it to real-world situations.
exposure
therapy:
- Repeatedly bringing the client into contact with the anxiety-producing stimulus to help overcome fear or anxiety.
Which of the following are components of dialectical behavior therapy?
- cognitive therapy
- both group and individual therapy
- mindfulness training based on Eastern meditation
- behavioral therapy
Cognitive therapy is based on the theory that unwanted behaviors result from distorted thoughts. Match the types of cognitive therapies with their descriptions.
mindfulness-based cognitive therapy:
- Clinicians help clients become aware of negative thought processes and disengage from ruminative thinking using meditation.
rational-emotive therapy:
- The therapist acts as a teacher, explaining the client's errors in in thinking and demonstrating more-adaptive ways to think.
cognitive restructuring:
- A clinician helps the client replace maladaptive thought patterns with patterns that are more in touch with reality.
interpersonal therapy:
- Clients use cognitive and psychodynamic techniques to gain insight into their relationships with other people.
Match the types of psychotherapy with their methods.
family:
- systems approach
psychodynamic:
- free
association and dream analysis
client-centered:
- reflective listening and unconditional positive regard
cognitive:
- cognitive restructuring and rational-emotive therapy
behavioral:
- rewards and punishments, token economies, social skills training, and modeling
Emma was in a bad car accident and has developed a phobia of driving. Which of the following systematic desensitization methods should a cognitive-behavioral therapist use to help her get over her fear?
- The therapist should have her enact or imagine progressively more fearful scenarios from her fear hierarchy.
- The therapist may instruct Emma to use a computer-simulated driving program.
Identify the statements about cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as either true or false.
- CBT is the most widely used version of
psychotherapy.
- CBT is one of the most effective therapies for many types of disorders.
- CBT involves examining a client's maladaptive thought processes and teaching him to change his behavior.
Identify the statements about psychotropic medications as either true or false.
True:
- Identifying effective drug treatments is based on trial-and-error clinical studies.
- Drugs for anxiety can help get
rid of depression.
False:
- The same medication is always used to treat specific disorders.
- Drugs are only used if there is a strong understanding as to why they are effective.
Many therapists follow _____ approach, in which the techniques they use _____.
- an eclectic
- vary based on the client's needs
Match the disorders with treatments that might be effective.
phobia:
- systematic desensitization
schizophrenia:
- Risperdal and Zyprexa
bipolar disorder:
- quetiapine
obsessive-compulsive disorder:
- exposure and response-prevention
depression:
- cognitive restructuring
Which of the following are some benefits of using electroconvulsive therapy to treat depression?
- It is not
known to harm a developing fetus.
- It works quickly, whereas antidepressants can take weeks to kick in.
- It has proven effective when other treatments have failed.
Identify the reasons why it is difficult to treat antisocial personality disorder.
- Psychotropic medicines are generally unhelpful in treating the disorder.
- People with APD will receive reinforcement for antisocial behavior in the real
world.
- Clients lie, do not care about other people's feelings, and do not consider the future.
What is the prognosis for autism in children?
- Some children have difficulty generalizing something learned in a therapeutic setting to the real world.
- Higher IQ is associated with better outcomes after treatment.
- Early language ability is associated with better outcomes after treatment.
For borderline personality disorder, which is a difficult disorder to treat, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), combines several different types of therapy.
Match the types of therapy with their applications in DBT.
cognitive therapy:
- The client learns problem-solving techniques, ways of coping with emotions, and self-respect.
behavioral therapy:
- Dysfunctional behaviors like cutting and suicide attempts are
replaced with less destructive ones.
mindfulness training:
- Techniques of Eastern meditation are used to teach clients to control their attention and focus on the present.
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