What activities should the nurse use in the evaluation phase of the nursing process?

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What are the specific activities during evaluation in nursing?
What activity should the nurse use in evaluation phase?
What is the evaluation phase of the nursing process?
What are the methods of evaluation in nursing?

Pam Moule Professor of health services research (service evaluation), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of West of England, Bristol
Julie Armoogum Macmillan senior lecturer, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of West of England, Bristol
Emma Douglass Senior lecturer, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of West of England, Bristol
Julie Taylor Senior lecturer, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of West of England, Bristol

Evaluation of service delivery is an important aspect of nursing practice. Service evaluation is being increasingly used and led by nurses, who are well placed to evaluate service and practice delivery. This article defines evaluation of services and wider care delivery and its relevance in NHS practice and policy. It aims to encourage nurses to think about how evaluation of services or practice differs from research and audit activity and to consider why and how they should use evaluation in their practice. A process for planning and conducting an evaluation and disseminating findings is presented. Evaluation in the healthcare context can be a complicated activity and some of the potential challenges of evaluation are described, alongside possible solutions. Further resources and guidance on evaluation activity to support nurses’ ongoing development are identified.

Nursing Standard. doi: 10.7748/ns.2017.e10782

Correspondence

Peer review

This article has been subject to external double-blind peer review and checked for plagiarism using automated software

Received: 29 November 2016

Accepted: 16 February 2017

Published online: 17 April 2017

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The common thread uniting different types of nurses who work in varied areas is the nursing process—the essential core of practice for the registered nurse to deliver holistic, patient-focused care.

Assessment
An RN uses a systematic, dynamic way to collect and analyze data about a client, the first step in delivering nursing care. Assessment includes not only physiological data, but also psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, economic, and life-style factors as well. For example, a nurse’s assessment of a hospitalized patient in pain includes not only the physical causes and manifestations of pain, but the patient’s response—an inability to get out of bed, refusal to eat, withdrawal from family members, anger directed at hospital staff, fear, or request for more pain mediation.

Diagnosis
The nursing diagnosis is the nurse’s clinical judgment about the client’s response to actual or potential health conditions or needs. The diagnosis reflects not only that the patient is in pain, but that the pain has caused other problems such as anxiety, poor nutrition, and conflict within the family, or has the potential to cause complications—for example, respiratory infection is a potential hazard to an immobilized patient. The diagnosis is the basis for the nurse’s care plan.

Outcomes / Planning
Based on the assessment and diagnosis, the nurse sets measurable and achievable short- and long-range goals for this patient that might include moving from bed to chair at least three times per day; maintaining adequate nutrition by eating smaller, more frequent meals; resolving conflict through counseling, or managing pain through adequate medication. Assessment data, diagnosis, and goals are written in the patient’s care plan so that nurses as well as other health professionals caring for the patient have access to it.

Implementation
Nursing care is implemented according to the care plan, so continuity of care for the patient during hospitalization and in preparation for discharge needs to be assured. Care is documented in the patient’s record.

Evaluation
Both the patient’s status and the effectiveness of the nursing care must be continuously evaluated, and the care plan modified as needed.

What are the specific activities during evaluation in nursing?

Nursing evaluation includes (1) collecting data, (2) comparing collected data with desired outcomes, (3) analyzing client's response relating to nursing activities, (4) identifying factors that contributed to the success or failure of the care plan, (5) continuing, modifying, or terminating the nursing care plan, and ( ...

What activity should the nurse use in evaluation phase?

What activity should the nurse use in the evaluation phase of the nursing process? Examine the effectiveness of nursing interventions toward meeting client outcomes.

What is the evaluation phase of the nursing process?

Evaluation phase The final phase of the nursing process is the evaluation phase. It takes place following the interventions to see if the goals have been met. During the evaluation phase, the nurse will determine how to measure the success of the goals and interventions.

What are the methods of evaluation in nursing?

Evaluation methods covered include papers, presentations, participation, discussion boards, concept maps, case studies, reflective journals, and portfolios. The book will assist both new and seasoned nurse educators in their quest to graduate competent, safe nurses at all levels of nursing education.