Page history last edited by Allison Wilkerson 14 years, 1 month ago Show 1.a) If 2n=14, how many chromosomes will be present in somatic cells? (Widau) b) How many chromosomes will be found in gametes? (Widau) 2. The restoration of the diploid chromosome number after halving in meiosis is due to a. syapsis. b. fertilization. c. mitosis. d. DNA replication. e. chiasmata. (Widau) 3. The calculation of offspring in Question 14 includes only variation resulting from a. crossing over. b. random fertilization. c. independent assortment of chromosomes. d.a, b, and c. e. only b and c. (Widau) 4. What is a karyotype? a. a genotype of an individual b. a unique combination of chromosomes found in a gamete c. a blood type determination of an individual d. a pictorial display of an individual's chromosomes e. a species-specific diploid number of chromosomes (Reed) 5. During the first meiotic division (Meiosis I), a. homologous chromosomes separate b. the chromosome number becomes haploid c. crossing over between nonsister chromatids occurs d. paternal and maternal chromosomes assort randomly e. all of the above occur (Reed) 6. What are autosomes? a. sex chromosomes b. chromosomes that occur singularly c. chromosomal abnormalities that result in genetic defects d. chromosomes found in mitochondira and chloroplasts e. none of the abouve (Reed) 7. If a diploid number = 14, how many chromosomes will be present in somatic cells? (a)_______________ How many chromosomes will be present in gamete cells? (b)_______________ (Reed) 8. This is the random unity of a female gamete and a male gamete. ______________________ (Reed) 9. True/False: Meiosis is a reduction division. (Wilkerson) 10. True/False: Gametes are produced during the process of meiosis. (Wilkerson) 11. True/False: An example of a haploid cell is a muscle cell. (Wilkerson) 12. True/False: Sex chromosomes are nonhomologous chromosomes. (Wilkerson) 13. True/False: Genes located near the centromere do not cross over very often. (Wilkerson) 14. What is the name for chromosomes which contain similar genes, with the same gene loci, and the same centromere location? (Wilkerson) 15. In most fungi and some protists, a. the zygote is the only haploid stage b. gametes are formed by meiosis c. the multicellular organism is haploid d. the gametophyte generation produces gametes by mitosis e. reproduction is exclusively asexual (Wilkerson) 16. Meiosis II is similar to mitosis because a. sister chromatids separate b. homologous chromosomes separate c. DNA replication precedes the division d. they both take the same amount of time e. haploid cells are produced (Wilkerson) 17. Pairs of homologous chromosomes a. have identical DNA sequences in their genes b. have genes for the same traits at the same loci c. are found in gametes d. separate in meiosis II e. have all of the above characteristics (Wilkerson) 18. Asexual reproduction of a diploid organism would a. be impossible b. involve meiosis c. produce identical offspring d. show variation among sibling offspring e. involve spores produced by meiosis (Wilkerson) Answers 1. a) 14 chromosomes b) 7 chromosomes 2. b. 3. e. 4. D 5. E 6. E 7. a) 14 b) 7 8. fertilization 9. True 10. True 11. False 12. True 13. True 14. Homologous 15. c. 16. a. 17. b. 18. c. Works Cited Keller, Amy. "Chapter 13 Reading Quiz." Avon High School, Avon, Indiana. Oct 2008. Taylor, Martha R. Student Study Guide for Biology . 7th. San Francisco: Pearson, 2005. How is diploid restored after meiosis?During meiosis the cell produces gametes, or germ cells, each containing half the normal or somatic number of chromosomes. This condition is called haploidy. When two germ cells (e.g., egg and sperm) unite, the diploid condition is restored.
Why is the chromosome number reduced by half during meiosis?Because meiosis creates cells that are destined to become gametes (or reproductive cells), this reduction in chromosome number is critical — without it, the union of two gametes during fertilization would result in offspring with twice the normal number of chromosomes!
How is the chromosome number restored during the process of reproduction?Answer: The meiotic cell division reducers the chromosome numbers to half during gametogenesis and diploid (2n) number of chromosome is restored by the union of male and female gamete through process of fertilization.
Why is the chromosome number reduced by half during meiosis quizlet?Terms in this set (60) In meiosis 1, there is a separation of the homologous chromosomes resulting in the cells having half the number of chromosomes. In this way, chromosome number halves. In meiosis II, only the duplicated strands separate and thus, no change in chromosome number.
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